Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become weak and brittle over time, making them more likely to break, even from small falls or minor bumps. It’s especially common in women after menopause due to changes in hormones that affect bone health.
Fractures from osteoporosis can have a big impact on a woman’s life. They can cause pain, limit mobility, and even lead to long-term disability. Hip fractures, in particular, are serious. Only about 33% of older women who break a hip regain full independence. While men can also get osteoporosis, women are at much higher risk, especially white and Asian women: 50% of postmenopausal white women will have an osteoporotic-related fracture. Still, it’s important to note that Black women who develop osteoporosis face similar fracture risks.
As the population ages, osteoporosis-related fractures are expected to rise significantly. That’s why early prevention and treatment are key. This article will cover:
- Common causes of osteoporosis
- Risk factors
- Diagnostic methods
- Treatment options
- Steps you can take to prevent it
What Causes Osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis often develops silently as we age, but several things can make it more likely. These include:
- Hormonal changes such as menopause
- Low body weight
- Lack of physical activity
- Smoking and alcohol use
- Certain medications or medical conditions, including thyroid disorders, eating disorders, and long-term steroid use
Women who stop menstruating early or go through extended periods without a period may also lose bone mass more quickly.
Who’s at Risk?
Your risk of developing osteoporosis increases if you:
- Are over 50
- Had an early menopause
- Weigh under 128 pounds
- Smoke or drink heavily
- Have a family history of osteoporosis
- Had fractures from minor falls after age 40
How Is It Diagnosed?
Osteoporosis is usually diagnosed with a bone density test called a DEXA scan. It’s quick, painless, and helps doctors assess how strong your bones are. The scan gives you a “T-score.” If the score is low, it means your bones are less dense and more prone to breaking.
If your doctor suspects a secondary cause, such as a medical condition or medication, they may order additional blood tests.
Treatment Options for Osteoporosis
Treatment depends on your risk, but it usually includes:
- Calcium and vitamin D supplements
- Exercise, especially weight-bearing and balance-focused activities like walking, tai chi, or yoga. Remember: if you don’t use it, you’ll lose it. Keeping your muscles healthy will provide many benefits, including protecting your bone health
- Lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking and reducing alcohol
- Medications that either slow bone breakdown or help build new bone
Medications include options like bisphosphonates, hormone-related treatments, or newer injectable therapies. The best choice depends on your age, fracture history, and how well you tolerate medications.
Prevention Matters
The best time to protect your bones is before osteoporosis sets in. That means:
- Eating a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D
- Staying active with weight-bearing and strength-training exercises
- Avoiding tobacco and limiting alcohol
- Getting regular checkups and talking with your healthcare provider about bone health, especially after menopause
Have a look at our shilajit article, where we outline the benefits for menopausal women!
Wrapping up
Osteoporosis doesn’t usually show symptoms until a fracture occurs, so being proactive about your bone health is essential. With the right lifestyle habits and medical support, you can stay strong, active, and independent for years to come.
Source(s)
Facts and stats: Osteoporosis canada |. (2022, October 12). https://osteoporosis.ca/facts-and-stats/
Porter JL, Varacallo MA. Osteoporosis. [Updated 2023 Aug 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441901/
